Our study had several strengths and limitations. First, using data linkage systems in Australia, we were able to construct a large, population-based cohort of mother–infant pairs across multiple jurisdictions with comprehensive longitudinal information on maternal and infant health, helping to improve generalizability of findings and reduce selection bias. However, these data are observational and, as with any such study, results may be influenced by confounding. To restrict this influence, we applied several techniques, including adjustment for a...… Our study had several strengths and limitations. First, using data linkage systems in Australia, we were able to construct a large, population-based cohort of mother–infant pairs across multiple jurisdictions with comprehensive longitudinal information on maternal and infant health, helping to improve generalizability of findings and reduce selection bias. However, these data are observational and, as with any such study, results may be influenced by confounding. To restrict this influence, we applied several techniques, including adjustment for a...WW…