Name: Dinosaur-killing space rock may have originated at the edge of the solar system
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Dinosaur-killing space rock may have originated at the edge of the solar system

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Space is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. .The chunk of space rock that killed the nonavian may have been a piece of a comet that Jupiter's gravity kicked onto a collision course with Earth.&nbsp;A new study suggests that the dinosaur-killing object was not an asteroid from between Jupiter and Mars, as is often hypothesized. Instead, the study authors argue, the impactor was a piece of a comet from the Oort cloud, a mass of icy bodies that surrounds the outer edges of the solar system.&nbsp;So-called long-period comets from the Oort cloud take hundreds of years to take a lap around the sun, and previous studies had suggested that their chances of crossing the path of a planet are too low to make them a likely culprit for the extinction of the nonavian dinosaurs (and 75% of all other life on Earth roughly 66 million years ago). But the new research, published Feb. 15 in the journal , finds that Jupiter's gravity pushes about 20% of these long-period comets close to the sun, where they break apart. The resulting fragments are 10 times more likely than other Oort cloud comets to hit .&nbsp;Related: Incredible Earth:The planet we live on is a remarkable place. But have you ever wondered how or why these things occur? How the Earth was made? How we predict the weather? How fossils form? What causes earthquakes or which animals glow in the dark? "Incredible Earth" reveals answers to these questions and more on a thrilling journey through everything you need to know about our world — and with gorgeous photography and insightful diagrams along the way!The impact at the end of the left a crater about 93 miles (150 kilometers) in diameter near the present-day town of Chicxulub, Mexico, lending the guilty space rock its name, the Chicxulub impactor. The rock was at least 6 miles (9.6 km) wide and hit the planet at about 44,640 mph (71,840 km/h), according to . It triggered and .Where the Chicxulub impactor came from is a matter of debate. Geological analysis of the crater suggests that it was a carbonaceous chondrite, a type of that makes up only about 10% of those found within the main asteroid belt in the . It's possible that more of the objects in the Oort cloud have this composition, according to study authors Avi Loeb, an astronomer at Harvard University, and Amir Siraj, an undergraduate astronomy student at Havard.The researchers simulated the paths of long-period comets from the Oort cloud past Jupiter and found that the gravitational field of the solar system's largest planet turns about one-fifth of long-period comets into "sun-grazers," which are comets that pass very close to the sun. At close range, the sun's gravity pulls harder on the close side than on the far side of this type of comet, creating tidal forces that can break the comet apart.The fragments from these celestial breakups are more likely than an intact comet to intersect with Earth on their return journey toward the Oort cloud; such events are capable of producing a Chicxulub-size impact every 250 million to 730 million years, the researchers said."Our paper provides a basis for explaining the occurrence of this event," Loeb . "We are suggesting that, in fact, if you break up an object as it comes close to the sun, it could give rise to the appropriate event rate and also the kind of impact that killed the dinosaurs."Related content— — — The Zhamanshin crater in Kazakhstan, which is the largest impact crater made in the past million years, may also have been created by a carbonaceous chondrite, Loeb and Sajir wrote in the new paper, supporting the theory that these types of large fragments are relatively likely to hit Earth. More research on Earth's impact craters and comet composition could help bolster the evidence for the hypothesis."We should see smaller fragments coming to Earth more frequently from the Oort cloud," Loeb said. "I hope that we can test the theory by having more data on long-period comets, get better statistics and perhaps see evidence for some fragments."Originally published on Live Scienceto keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at:Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more!Thank you for signing up to Space. You will receive a verification email shortly.There was a problem. Please refresh the page and try again.MORE FROM SPACE...12345

Space is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. .The chunk of space rock that killed the nonavian may have been a piece of a comet that Jupiter's gravity kicked onto a collision course with Earth.&nbsp;A new study suggests that the dinosaur-killing object was not an asteroid from between Jupiter and Mars, as is often hypothesized. Instead, the study authors argue, the impactor was a piece of a comet from the Oort cloud, a mass of icy bodies that surrounds the outer edges of the solar system.&nbsp;So-called long-period...

Dinosaur-killing space rock may have originated at the edge of the solar system

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