Name: High ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infection
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High ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infection

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Edited by Ruslan Medzhitov, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, and approved December 26, 2018 (received for review August 31, 2018)This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.Although half of the world’s population could face severe food crisis as a result of global warming by the end of this century, the effects of environmental temperature and host nutritional status in host defense to viral infection in vivo are less clear. Here, we demonstrated that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C reduced their food intake and impaired adaptive immune responses to influenza virus infection. In addition, we found that administration of glucose or dietary short-chain fatty acids restored influenza virus-specific adaptive immune responses in high heat-exposed mice. Our results imply possible public health problems and concerns that outside temperature and host nutritional status may be critical determinants of viral pathogenesis or vaccine efficacy.Although climate change may expand the geographical distribution of several vector-borne diseases, the effects of environmental temperature in host defense to viral infection in vivo are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C impaired adaptive immune responses against infection with viral pathogens, influenza, Zika, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus. Following influenza virus infection, the high heat-exposed mice failed to stimulate inflammasome-dependent cytokine secretion and respiratory dendritic cell migration to lymph nodes. Although commensal microbiota composition remained intact, the high heat-exposed mice decreased their food intake and increased autophagy in lung tissue. Induction of autophagy in room temperature-exposed mice severely impaired virus-specific CD8 T cells and antibody responses following respiratory influenza virus infection. In addition, we found that administration of glucose or dietary short-chain fatty acids restored influenza virus-specific adaptive immune responses in high heat-exposed mice. These findings uncover an unexpected mechanism by which ambient temperature and nutritional status control virus-specific adaptive immune responses.Published under the .You may purchase access to this article. This will require you to if you don't already have one.Subscribers, for more details, please visit our .Please click to log into the PNAS submission website.High ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infectionHigh ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infectionSeveral large or long-lived animals seem strangely resistant to developing cancer. Elucidating the reasons why could lead to promising cancer-fighting strategies in humans.Image credit: Shutterstock.com/ronnybas frimages.Researchers and curators need to better address the challenges of curating ancient biomolecules.Image credit: Chip Clark (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC).PNAS QnAs with NAS member and structural biologist David Baker.The abrupt transition from crystalline basement to sedimentary rock at the end of the Proterozoic Eon, known as the Great Unconformity, may reflect rapid glacial erosion during the late Proterozoic, according to a study.Image courtesy of Pixabay/WikiImages.The increasing availability of remotely sensed satellite data and volunteered geographic information could provide a more cost-effective means of monitoring sustainable development than household surveys, a study suggests.

Edited by Ruslan Medzhitov, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, and approved December 26, 2018 (received for review August 31, 2018)This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.Although half of the world’s population could face severe food crisis as a result of global warming by the end of this century, the effects of environmental temperature and host nutritional status in host defense to viral infection in vivo are less clear. Here, we...

High ambient temperature dampens adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus infection

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